Fakultas Psikologi, Universitas Bhayangkara Jakarta Raya
The Role of Emotion in the Purchase Process of Generation Z
Generation Z born amidst the digital advancement constitutes a unique and compelling consumer group, whose identity as digital natives significantly influences their consumption patterns. Within the context of purchasing behavior, this group exhibits a strong tendency toward decisions driven by emotional factors, especially in the phenomena of impulsive buying and online shopping. This literature review aims to analyze and synthesize empirical findings from various studies that highlight the central role of emotion particularly positive emotion in the overall purchasing decision process carried out by Generation Z. The method employed is a literature review, which qualitatively analyzes key studies focusing on the relationship between emotion, impulsive buying, lifestyle, and the influence of both offline and online shopping environments. The comprehensive results of this review consistently emphasize that positive emotion plays a crucial role as a strong mediating variable between various marketing stimuli and unplanned purchasing behavior. Environmental stimuli such as store atmosphere and store image are proven to trigger consumers' positive emotions, which subsequently increase the tendency for impulse buying. In the realm of e-commerce, hedonic shopping motivation, sales promotion, and the availability of money significantly influence Gen Z's positive emotions, which in turn drive impulsive purchasing on online platforms like Shopee and Lazada. Furthermore, the role of emotion also extends to the formation of brand attachment through digital advertising, which is a critical point of contact for Gen Z. This review concludes that for Generation Z the emotional experience during the shopping process is the primary predictor of purchasing behavior, necessitating marketing strategies that are more focused on creating value and emotional connection.
Talent Management Strategies in Improving Employee Performance: Literature Review
Talent management is an important strategy in human resource management that focuses on identifying, developing, and retaining high-potential individuals to achieve organizational goals. In an era of global competition and digital transformation, organizations are required to have competent, adaptive, and innovative employees to increase productivity and performance effectiveness. This study aims to comprehensively examine various research results related to talent management strategies in improving employee performance. The method used is a literature review by examining five scientific journals published from 2021 to 2025 that are relevant to the research topic. The results of the study show that the implementation of talent management has a positive and significant effect on employee performance in various sectors, both public and private. This study also confirms that the success of talent management implementation is greatly influenced by leadership support, organizational culture, and a fair and sustainable reward system.
Consumer Psychology’s Perspective on the Collectivist Culture That Shapes Purchasing Decisions: A Review of The Literature
A strong collectivist culture is one of the characteristics of Indonesian society and plays a role in shaping consumption behavior. This literature review aims to review how collectivist culture influences the purchasing decision-making process in the realm of consumer psychology. The study was based on 10 previous studies published in the span of 2021 to 2025 and found that social values ​​and group identities have an influence on brand referral and consumer loyalty. The results of this study show that Indonesian consumers tend to make purchases based on social considerations such as recommendations from the community, brand image that supports solidarity, and carries cultural values. In addition, the development of social media strengthens another form of collectivism, namely, the formation of digital interactions such as online communities which are an important factor in forming trust and brand engagement. This literature confirms that purchasing decisions are not only a form of economic activity but also a manifestation of social processes and cultural identity. This study is expected to enrich insights and theoretical understanding of consumer behavior in the context of collectivist culture, as well as providing practical implications for marketing strategies oriented to the social values ​​of Indonesian society.
Literature Review: The Influence of Psychological Factors on Purchase Decisions
This study aims to determine the influence of psychological factors on consumer purchasing decisions through a literature review approach. The study was conducted by analyzing 16 scientific articles published between 2020 and 2025, discussing the relationship between psychological variables and purchasing behavior. The analysis results indicate that psychological factors such as motivation, perception, attitude, and personality play a significant role in shaping purchasing decisions. Motivation and perception are the dominant factors influencing purchase interest and intention, while attitude and personality influence the consistency of consumer behavior towards a particular product or brand. However, these influences can vary depending on the social, cultural, and situational context. Overall, these findings emphasize the importance of understanding psychological aspects in marketing strategies and future consumer behavior research.
The Role of Job Analysis in the Perspective of Psychological Security
Based on previous research, this study conducted an in-depth analysis of the effect of job descriptions on employee performance. Ten scientific articles obtained through Google Scholar and published between 2020 and 2025 were analyzed from a descriptive literature review. The results of the study show that job descriptions have a significant and positive effect on employee performance in various areas of the organization. Employees can improve their work effectiveness, work motivation, and responsibility, and understand their duties well when their job descriptions and responsibilities are clear. Based on the results of previous studies, this study conducted an in-depth analysis of the effect of job descriptions on employee performance. Ten scientific articles obtained through Google Scholar and published between 2020 and 2025 were analyzed from a descriptive literature review. The results of the study show that job descriptions have a significant and positive effect on employee performance in various areas of the organization. Employees can improve their work effectiveness, work motivation, and responsibility, and understand their duties well when their job descriptions and responsibilities are clear. Based on the results of previous studies, this study conducted an in-depth analysis of the effect of job. The results of the study show that job descriptions have a significant and positive effect on employee performance in various areas of the organization. Employees can improve their work effectiveness, work motivation and responsibility, and understand their duties well when their job description and responsibilities are clear. Job descriptions also have a significant influence on career growth, performance appraisals, and the formation of fair salary structure. However, other factors such as loyalty, organizational culture, and the work.
The Influence of Influencer Advertising on Gen Z Consumer Decisions: A Psychological Literature Review
The rapid development of social media has transformed marketing communication strategies from conventional approaches to socially driven influence-based techniques known as influencer marketing. Generation Z, as digital natives, demonstrates heightened sensitivity to persuasive messages delivered by influencers. This study aims to examine the psychological mechanisms mediating the influence of influencer advertising on Gen Z’s purchasing decisions through a literature review from 2015 to 2025. A narrative- descriptive approach was employed by reviewing ten downloadable scholarly articles from Google Scholar and national scientific repositories. Thematic analysis identified five dominant psychological mechanisms: credibility, authenticity, parasocial relationships, attractiveness, and value congruence. These elements operate simultaneously across cognitive, affective, and conative processes, shaping Gen Z’s perceptions, attitudes, and purchase intentions. This article provides theoretical insights into the role of consumer psychology in influencer marketing and practical recommendations for marketers to design effective digital campaigns.
The Role of Social Media as a Psychological Strategy in Increasing Consumer Loyalty
Social media has become a key driver shaping consumer behavior in the digital era. The dynamics of interactions on these digital platforms increasingly influence customer loyalty, a valuable asset for any brand. Psychologically, mechanisms such as social proof, the need for affiliation, and positive reinforcement play a significant role in the loyalty-building process. Brands leverage visual content, storytelling, and community-based campaigns to create experiences that are not only informative but also emotional. Platforms like Instagram, TikTok, and X/Twitter enable brands to create spaces for intense and informal interactions. This study aims to examine the role and effectiveness of social media as a psychological strategy in building customer loyalty. The study highlights various social media tactics, such as promotions, discounts, and the use of influencers, that successfully capture consumer attention. Social media enables faster, more personal, and two-way interactions, opening up opportunities for companies to build emotional closeness that was previously difficult to achieve through traditional media. Consumers tend to be more loyal when they feel valued, listened to, and included in the communication process. Social media algorithms play a crucial role in amplifying this effect by displaying relevant content tailored to individual preferences, making the consumer experience more personalized. Leveraging influencers offers significant potential for increasing sales and brand loyalty, although effectiveness may vary across individuals. This study concludes that social media is influenced not only by product quality but also by a brand's ability to create strong psychological connections through digital communication, offering significant opportunities to foster customer loyalty through various psychological mechanisms.
Tiktok Made Me Buy It: Generation Z’s Consumer Behavior in the Social Media Era
The phenomenon of “TikTok Made Me Buy It” illustrates how social media shapes the consumption behavior of Generation Z through a combination of algorithmic design, emotional engagement, and emerging visual culture. Using a narrative descriptive approach, this article explores how TikTok’s interface, content flow, and social interactions influence young users’ tendencies toward spontaneous purchasing. The analysis reveals that consumption among Generation Z often arises from the need for social affirmation, identity expression, and the pressure to keep up with fast-moving digital trends. Personalized recommendations and influencer-driven storytelling create emotional resonance that makes users more susceptible to unreflective buying decisions. TikTok also constructs an aspirational lifestyle image that encourages imitation and frames consumption as a form of self-expression. This study highlights the importance of digital literacy and critical awareness to help young people navigate digital consumer culture more consciously and resist the persuasive mechanisms embedded within the platform.
The Influence of Psychological Factors on Consumer Purchasing Decisions
Various factors can influence consumer purchasing behavior, including psychological factors, including motivation, perception, attitude, trust, and risk perception. These factors play a significant role in how consumers evaluate, consider, and ultimately decide to purchase a product. This study aims to determine the influence of psychological factors on consumer purchasing decisions, drawing on the results of several previous studies. The descriptive narrative method was used. The analysis shows that purchasing decisions, both in conventional and digital contexts, are significantly influenced by psychological factors. Increased intention and action are evidenced by positive motivation and perceptions, while high risk perceptions tend to inhibit purchasing decisions. On the other hand, trust plays a crucial role in reducing consumer uncertainty, particularly in online transactions. By understanding consumer psychology, companies can design more effective and consumeroriented marketing strategies, thereby increasing customer satisfaction and loyalty in the long term.
Psychological Literature Review on Consumers: Motivation Theory as a Driver of Purchase Intention
In marketing a product, it is crucial for businesses to understand consumer behavior to ensure effective and targeted marketing strategies. This is inseparable from the motivational factors that influence product purchases. The method used in this research is descriptive narrative, which means a qualitative analysis method that describes and describes research data in the form of a story (narrative) that is complete and relevant to this research. The results of this study indicate that motivation, as a psychological factor, significantly influences consumer purchasing interest. Several factors that trigger consumer motivation in driving purchasing interest include price suitability, quality, product availability, and product alignment with current trends.
Literature Review: The Role of Job Analysis on Employee in Organizations Trought the Perspective of Psychological Safety
This study aims to determine the extent to which job analysis plays a role in improving employee performance within an organization. Job analysis is a method, procedure, and series of activities carried out to collect and analyze information related to a job, including task descriptions, performance indicators, required educational qualifications and competencies, job implementation procedures, expected results, and aspects of compensation and job evaluation. Proper job analysis and a supportive environment can provide psychological safety for employees, making it easier to achieve organizational goals. The method used in this study was a literature review, examining 10 journals related to job analysis and employee performance, followed by descriptive analysis. The results show that the role of job analysis in employee performance can occur through an understanding of the tasks, responsibilities, and qualifications specified. In addition, work motivation is a factor that emerges and can improve employee performance.
The Role of Position Analysis in Improving Employee Performance in the Organization
This study aims to review and analyze the role of job analysis in improving employee performance by incorporating psychological safety as an essential factor within the Productivity and Psychology perspective. The research employed a literature review method by examining ten relevant articles on job analysis published between 2019 and 2024, along with three additional studies discussing psychological safety in organizational settings. The findings indicate that job analysis significantly enhances employee performance by providing clear job descriptions, responsibilities, and job specifications that align with individual competencies. Research related to psychological safety reveals that a mentally safe work environment increases employees' creative self-efficacy, innovative behavior, and sense of meaningful work. Psychological safety also strengthens employee motivation and engagement, enabling them to perform their roles more effectively. Therefore, an integrated approach that combines accurate job analysis with strong psychological safety practices serves as a strategic foundation for improving employee performance, productivity, and overall organizational effectiveness.
The Influence of Social Comparison in Social Media on Impulsive Purchasing Decisions: The Role of FOMO and Self-Image
Social media, particularly visual platforms such as Instagram, TikTok, and Facebook, has become a primary arena for social interaction and consumption for Generation Z, fundamentally altering consumer behavior. Purchasing decisions are increasingly driven by digital stimuli. This research aims to analyze the underlying psychological mechanisms. This systematic literature review analyzes and synthesizes 9 journal articles to examine the central role of social comparison as a primary mediator between social media usage and purchasing decisions. The method employed is a descriptive narrative review. The findings indicate that the influence of social media on purchases operates through distinct psychological pathways. The first pathway is through Fear of Missing Out (FOMO); studies indicate that social comparison significantly and positively triggers FOMO, which subsequently drives impulsive purchasing behavior aimed at following trends. The second pathway is through self-image; Exposure to comparatively-heavy social media has been shown to negatively impact self-image, triggering impulsive buying (particularly fashion products) in an effort to achieve an ideal self-image. However, this review also identifies a critical gap: the influence of social comparison is often difficult to dissentangle from economic variables. One study found that discounts are a stronger purchasing driver than social media exposure. Furthermore, the influence varies across platforms; Facebook demonstrates minimal impact, while Instagram is influenced by influencer appeal and TikTok by price factors. It is concluded that social comparison is a crucial mediator; however, future research must methodologically separate psychological drivers (social comparison) from economic drivers (discounts).
The Effect of Job Analysis on Employee Performance in Organizations: A Literature Review
An organization relies heavily on the quality of its employees, making employees a key indicator of the success and sustainability of the organization. The quality of employee performance is influenced by the extent to which an organization is able to design and implement work analysis appropriately. Job analysis can be applied in both private and public organizations. This study aims to examine the influence of job analysis on employee performance through a literature review approach. The method used is descriptive analysis by reviewing and analyzing various relevant sources related to the influence of job analysis on employee performance in the organization. A literature review proves that job analysis has a significant influence on improving employee performance through a variety of factors. Clarity regarding job descriptions, responsibilities, and job specifications motivates employees and makes them work more efficiently. Job analysis is a fundamental factor in human resource management that focuses on organizational performance and effectiveness.
The Strategic Role of Job Analysis in Work Effectiveness and Strengthening a Positive Work Climate: A Descriptive Literature Review
Work effectiveness is an important aspect in achieving organizational goals and is greatly influenced by the quality of human resource management, including the application of job analysis. This study aims to describe the role of job analysis in improving work effectiveness through a literature review of national and international research from the last five years. The method used is a literature study by selecting relevant articles through the Sciencedirect, Publish or Perish, Lens.org, and Google Scholar databases. The data were analyzed using content analysis techniques to identify key findings related to the contribution of job analysis to work effectiveness. The results of the study show that job analysis can improve role clarity, competency alignment, task execution efficiency, and employee performance, both directly and indirectly. It also serves as an important foundation for creating a positive work environment that can encourage a sense of security in expressing opinions, enhance collaboration, and strengthen working relationships. Thus, job analysis is a strategic foundation that plays an important role in optimizing performance and decision-making in human resource management, so it needs to be updated regularly in accordance with organizational dynamics.
The influence of work discipline on employee job descriptions was examined in the form of a systematic review. This article review aims to determine the influence of work discipline on employee job descriptions . Job descriptions include clarity of roles, responsibilities, and authority in carrying out tasks, while work discipline is defined as employee attitudes and behaviors in complying with rules, norms, and work ethics. The descriptive analysis method used in this study is a literature review of ten scientific publications published between 2020 and 2025 and available through the Google Scholar database. The results of the analysis show a strong correlation between work discipline, job descriptions , and performance, satisfaction, and employee motivation. This discussion shows that the synergy between clear job descriptions and effective discipline can create a productive work environment and minimize role uncertainty in the company. In conclusion, the integration of updated job descriptions and strengthened work discipline is a crucial strategy for developing a flexible, efficient, and results-oriented human resource management system amidst changes in the contemporary work environment.
Self-Reward as a Pretext for Consumptive Behavior: A Consumer Psychology Literature Review
The self-reward phenomenon has become an integral part of everyday life, especially in today's fast-paced and consumption-driven digital era. Giving oneself a reward is often viewed as a healthy way to appreciate personal effort and achievement. However, it may also serve as a justification for unplanned or excessive spending. This study employs a narrative descriptive approach to explore the relationship between self-reward, self-regulation, hedonic consumption, and consumptive behavior by reviewing 15 scholarly articles published between 2015 and 2025. The findings reveal that self-reward plays a dual role: it can promote emotional well-being, yet it may also lead to consumptive behavior when self regulation weakens. Factors such as hedonic motivation, positive emotions, and digital advertising exposure intensify these tendencies, particularly among social media and e-commerce users. Conversely, strong self-regulation enables individuals to manage their emotions and make more thoughtful purchasing decisions. This review highlights the importance of maintaining a balance between emotional needs and self-control in understanding modern consumer behavior.
A Literature Study on the Influence of Flash Sales on Impulse Buying with Positive Emotions as a Mediator Among Shopee Application Users
This study examines literature discussing the influence of flash sales on impulsive buying behavior with positive emotions as a mediating variable, specifically among Shopee application users from a consumer psychology perspective. Through a review of various academic sources, it was found that flash sale marketing strategies consistently prove effective in increasing consumers' tendency to make spontaneous purchases. This occurs because flash sales present a combination of urgency, limited time, and perceived economic benefits that encourage consumers to act quickly without deep rational consideration. Positive emotions play an important role as a mediator in this relationship. The increased intensity of flash sales has been shown to trigger positive emotional responses such as excitement, enthusiasm, and satisfaction from obtaining products at lower prices. These emotional states subsequently weaken consumers' self-control, making impulsive purchasing decisions more likely to occur. Referring to the Stimulus-Organism-Response (SOR) model, the findings of this literature review emphasize that flash sales as a stimulus can influence the organism, in the form of consumers' psychological states, which ultimately produce a response manifested in impulsive buying behavior. The practical implications of this review indicate that companies need to design promotional strategies that not only focus on offering large discounts but also consider consumers' emotional experiences. The use of appealing visual elements, interfaces that evoke positive feelings, and interactive promotional mechanisms can enhance the effectiveness of digital marketing campaigns while creating more sustainable consumer engagement.
The Role of Job Analysis on Employee Performance in the Perspective of Psychological Safety
Job analysis is a systematic process to identify and describe the tasks, responsibilities, and competencies required in a job to ensure the suitability between individuals and the roles they perform. This study aims to systematically review the role of job analysis in improving employee performance through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach. Data were collected from 10 national and international research articles published between 2020 and 2025 using the Google Scholar database with the keywords "job analysis" and "employee performance." Inclusion criteria included empirical research using correlation or regression methods and a focus on the variables of job analysis and employee performance. The results of the review show that job analysis has a positive and significant effect on employee performance, both directly and through mediating variables such as competence, motivation, and job satisfaction. Role clarity, job descriptions, and individual job fit have been shown to increase productivity, effectiveness, and work efficiency. In addition, job analysis plays a strategic role in supporting human resource management functions such as recruitment, training, and performance appraisal. Thus, job analysis is not only an administrative tool but also a psychological instrument that contributes to improving employee welfare and commitment to the organization.
Literature Review on Job Observation Methods as a Basis for Workload and Productivity Analysis
Job observation is an important way to understand how people work and the extent of their workload. Through this literature review, the author attempts to discuss various studies that use job observation methods such as time and motion study, work sampling, and functional job analysis (FJA) as a basis for assessing employee workload and productivity. A search was conducted on various scientific sources from 2020 to 2025, including national and international journals. Based on the study results, job observation is considered capable of providing more realistic and objective data on work activities compared to other methods such as interviews or questionnaires. The application of time and motion study has proven effective in measuring work duration, identifying inefficient activities, and helping to increase productivity in various fields, particularly in the healthcare and industrial sectors. Meanwhile, functional job analysis focuses more on aspects of workers' roles and responsibilities as a basis for HR planning and the development of more accurate job descriptions. Overall, the combination of direct observation and functional analysis can provide a more comprehensive picture of workload and the potential for improving individual performance. This review also emphasizes the importance of utilizing digital technology, such as time-tracking apps or work monitoring systems, to make observation processes more accurate and efficient in the Industry 4.0 era.
The Influence of The Role of Emotions in Consumer Purchasing Decisions Implicitly
This study aims to review the influence of the role of emotion on consumer impulsive buying decisions through a literature review of various previous studies. Impulsive buying is the act of purchasing spontaneously without prior planning and is often influenced by an individual's emotional state. This research used a literature review method by examining ten relevant scientific articles using the keywords "impulsive buying" and "emotion." The results of the review indicate that emotions play a significant role in influencing impulsive buying behavior. Positive emotions such as joy, enthusiasm, and satisfaction can increase the tendency for impulsive buying, whereas negative emotions such as stress and boredom can also trigger similar behavior as emotional compensation.
The Role of Job Analysis in Improving Employee Performance
Job analysis is a systematic process that identifies the duties, responsibilities, and competencies required in a particular job. This process significantly influences employee performance because it enables organizations to place the right individuals in the right positions and develop more effective human resource management systems. Based on recent literature, job analysis contributes to improving work motivation, job satisfaction, and employee performance. This study reviews various empirical and theoretical studies on the relationship between job analysis and employee performance, as well as mediating mechanisms such as motivation and role clarity. The findings indicate that an effective job analysis has a positive impact on employee performance, yet its success depends on the quality of the analysis instruments, the clarity of the results, and integration with other HR functions.
Literature Review: Ethics, Bias, Accountability in Job Analysis
This study aims to examine in depth the concepts of ethics, bias, and accountability in job analysis and their implications for human resource management practices. Job analysis is understood as an important basis for workforce planning, recruitment, selection, performance appraisal, and wage determination, so that errors or biases in the job analysis process can lead to unfair HR decisions and potential legal violations. This study uses a literature review method with a descriptive analytical approach to relevant articles and teaching materials. The results of the study show that job analysis that is not based on ethics and accountability tends to give rise to various biases, especially discrimination that is not related to job requirements. Bias can be reduced through the development of objective and competency-based job analysis, the use of structured and documented procedures, the involvement of multiple parties, and the strengthening of codes of ethics.
The Role of Position Analysis in Supporting the Effectiveness of Human Resource Management in Organizations: A Review of the Literature
Job analysis is a strategic tool in human resource management (HRM) that helps organizations understand the tasks, responsibilities, and competencies required for each position. This literature review examines the role of job analysis in enhancing HR effectiveness, including recruitment, training, performance evaluation, employee placement, and its connection with Strategic HR Analytics (SHRA). The method employed is a literature review of recent scholarly articles and journals. The implementation of SHRA supports data-driven decision-making, reduces turnover, increases employee engagement, and strengthens organizational competitiveness. Therefore, the combination of job analysis and SHRA is key to effective HR management and achieving organizational goals in a productive, adaptive, and sustainable manner.
The Effect of the Application of Position Analysis on the Effectiveness of Employee Work: A Review of the Systematic Literature
This study aims to analyze the influence of job analysis implementation on employee work effectiveness through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method. The analysis was conducted on ten relevant scientific articles published between 2020 and 2025 obtained from Google Scholar, GARUDA, and Publish or Perish. The findings indicate that systematic job analysis implementation has a positive and significant effect on improving employee work effectiveness. Job analysis enables organizations to align individual competencies with job demands, clarify tasks and responsibilities, and serve as a foundation for human resource planning, training, and career development. Therefore, job analysis plays an essential role in enhancing productivity, efficiency, and overall organizational performance.
The Influence of Influencer Marketing on Generation Z’s Purchase Decisions on Instagram
The development of digital technology and the widespread use of social media have established Influencer Marketing as a dominant marketing strategy, particularly among Generation Z. This study aims to analyze and synthesize empirical research findings regarding the influence of Influencer Marketing on Generation Z’s purchase decisions, with a specific focus on the Instagram platform. The method employed is a Systematic Literature Review (SLR), which involves collecting and analyzing relevant scholarly journals from leading databases such as Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and ProQuest within the last five years (2020 2025). The reviewed studies examine topics such as influencer credibility, content quality, and Gen Z’s purchase intention. The synthesis results reveal that influencer credibility particularly trustworthiness and expertise is a key determinant that significantly affects purchase decisions. However, most studies agree that this influence is moderated by the type of content and the level of skepticism exhibited by Gen Z. This review provides a clearer theoretical framework for understanding the mechanisms of influencer impact and offers practical recommendations for marketers targeting this generation on Instagram.
Digital Payments and Consumptive Behavior in Indonesian Society
The implementation of digital payments such as QRIS and e-wallets has changed transaction and consumption patterns among Indonesians, especially among students and the younger generation. The purpose of this article is to examine the influence of digital payments (QRIS and e-wallets) on consumer behavior among Indonesians. The method used in this article is descriptive narrative. The findings indicate that the ease of access and various promotional features influence increased consumer behavior, particularly in impulsive purchases and reduced self-control in managing digital finances. Psychological factors such as low self-control, hedonistic motivation, and social influence are mentioned as the main triggers, while digital financial literacy also influences consumptive behavior. Therefore, strengthening financial literacy and emotional and self-control is very important to maximize the use of digital technology while reducing the risk of consumptive behavior in the current digital era.
The Phenomenon of Post-Purchase Buying: A Critical Analysis of Theories and Empirical Findings in Consumer Psychology
The study titled "The Phenomenon of Post-Purchase Buying: A Critical Analysis of Theories and Empirical Findings in Consumer Psychology" examines the feelings and thoughts that cause regret after making a purchase. It explores how individuals behave during online shopping, especially when exposed to modern marketing methods such as time-sensitive offers, content-based advertisements, and interactive product displays that can prompt immediate buying decisions. The research conducts a systematic review of fifteen articles published between 2017 and 2025. These articles discuss topics like impulsive buying, following trends, exposure to digital content, and emotional intelligence. The findings indicate that making quick purchases is associated with greater regret later on, particularly when influenced by trends, a sense of missing out, or high levels of visual input. In contrast, emotional intelligence is found to lower the likelihood of unplanned purchases. The study emphasizes the importance of understanding how the mind influences buying behavior to better manage urges and advocates for education on emotions and financial decisions to support more thoughtful purchasing choices.
Literature Analysis on the Effect of Job Description Mismatch on Burnout in Generation Z
This study aims to examine the relationship between mismatch job description and burnout among Generation Z workers through a literature review using a descriptive-analytical approach. The phenomenon of young employees experiencing discrepancies between their job descriptions and actual work realities has led to increasing psychological pressure and burnout risks. The reviewed articles were obtained from Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed, and ProQuest databases, limited to the 2020–2025 publication period. The review of five key studies indicates that the imbalance between job demands and job resources is the main trigger of burnout, especially when the assigned job tasks differ from what is described in the job documentation. Findings based on the Job Demands–Resources (JD–R) Model and Person–Job Fit Theory emphasize that role ambiguity, role conflict, and a lack of organizational support significantly contribute to emotional exhaustion and reduced motivation among Generation Z employees. Overall, this literature review highlights the importance of developing accurate, data-based job descriptions derived from a comprehensive job analysis process to minimize mismatches and prevent burnout in the modern workplace.
Job Analysis from a Psychological Safety Perspective
Job analysis is one of the main foundations of human resource management (HRM), which serves to systematically identify, describe, and publish each position within an organization. The job analysis process is not free from potential bias and ethical issues. Bias can arise due to individual subjectivity, gender stereotypes, or non-objective perceptions in the assessment of tasks and competencies, resulting in unfairness in recruitment, performance appraisals, and job promotions. This study uses a descriptive analysis method with a qualitative approach, with data obtained from various scientific journals and relevant previous research. The results of the study indicate that bias in job analysis can arise from human factors such as gender stereotypes, age discrimination, and limitations against people with disabilities, as well as from the use of technology such as artificial intelligence (AI) and e-recruitment. The application of ethical principles, transparency, and data-driven methods such as the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) has been proven to reduce bias and increase fairness and trust in organizations. Thus, integrating ethical values into every stage of job analysis is key to creating an objective, inclusive, and sustainable HRM system.