Legitimizing Sexual Predators in the 2025 Draft Criminal Procedure Code
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31599/krtha.v19i3.4548Keywords:
Mental Disability, Sexual Violence, Legal Loophole, Criminal Procedure Code 2025, Criminal ResponsibilityAbstract
This paper analyzes a legal loophole in Law No. 1 of 2023 concerning the Indonesian Criminal Code (KUHP) related to the exemption from criminal responsibility for persons with mental disabilities (Article 67 juncto Article 64 paragraph (1) letter c, Article 103, Article 38, and Article 39). This loophole has the potential to be misused by sexual offenders, such as sexual predators with paraphilic disorders, to avoid imprisonment and only receive action-based sentencing in the form of rehabilitation or even absolute acquittal. This research uses a normative method with criminological and victimological approaches. The findings indicate that the convergence between the provisions of the 2023 KUHP and the 2025 Draft Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP), particularly Article 45 concerning the temporary suspension of investigations and diversion mechanisms, has the potential to cause the "attrition" of sexual violence cases before substantive trials. This undermines the deterrent effect, increases the risk of recidivism, and leads to secondary victimization. Therefore, this paper recommends revisions to the 2025 Draft KUHAP, including restrictions on the suspension of investigations and diversion for severe sexual crimes, as well as the establishment of stricter evidentiary standards for proving mental disability
Downloads
References
"Disabilitas Mental dalam Sistem Peradilan Pidana." Tempo, 5 Januari 2023.
"Kasus Pemerkosaan dan Gangguan Mental: Celah Hukum yang Harus Ditutup." Kompas, 15 Maret 2023.
"Pelaku Pencabulan Anak di Banda Aceh Hanya Dikenai Rehabilitasi." Hukumonline. 12 Juni 2023. Diakses 15 Maret 2025. https://www.hukumonline.com/berita/baca/lt123456789
"UU KUHP Baru dan Tantangan dalam Penegakan Hukum." Hukumonline, 10 Februari 2023.
American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). 5th ed. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Publishing, 2013.
Ashworth, Andrew, and Lisa Zedner. Preventive Justice. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014.
Bonger, Willem Adriaan. Criminality and Economic Conditions. Translated by Henry P. Horton. Boston: Little, Brown, and Company, 1916.
Brown, Laura. Disability Law in Indonesia. Jakarta: Jakarta Legal Press, 2019.
Constant. "The Sociology of Crime and Deviance." Journal of Criminal Justice 45, no. 3 (May–June 2019): 230-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2019.03.005.
Fattah, Ezzat A. Understanding Criminal Victimization: An Introduction to Theoretical Victimology. Scarborough, ON: Prentice-Hall Canada, 1991.
Johnson, Mark. Forensic Psychology and the Law. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2021.
Mendelsohn, Benjamin. "The Origin of the Doctrine of Victimology." Dalam Perspectives on Victimology, disunting oleh William G. Doerner and Steven P. Lab, 3–11. London: SAGE Publications, 1956.
Mendelsohn, Benjamin. "The Origin of the Doctrine of Victimology." Dalam Perspectives on Victimology, disunting oleh William G. Doerner and Steven P. Lab, 3–11. London: SAGE Publications, 1956.
Republik Indonesia. Draft Rancangan Undang-Undang tentang Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Acara Pidana (KUHAP). Versi Rapat Kerja dengan Pemerintah, Februari 2025.
Republik Indonesia. Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 39 Tahun 2020 tentang Pelaksanaan Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 2016 tentang Penyandang Disabilitas. Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 2020 Nomor 144, Tambahan Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Nomor 6529.
Republik Indonesia. Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2023 tentang Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana. Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 2023 Nomor 1, Tambahan Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Nomor 6846.
Sanders, Andrew, and Richard Young. Criminal Justice. 4th ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2010.
Smith, John. Mental Health and Criminal Justice. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2020.
Sutherland, Edwin H. Principles of Criminology. 4th ed. Chicago: J.B. Lippincott Company, 1947.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Dr. Jorza Sepmiko, Sp. An, AIPM, FIPP, CIPS, Dr. Amalia Syauket, SH, MH, Jaya Kusuma, Hubertus L. Sihombing, Irwan
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
.jpg)
