Synergy of Investment Law Transformation in the Implementation of PPP for Solar Power Plant Financing in Ibu Kota Nusantara

Authors

  • Muhammad Gilang Gunawan Fakultas Hukum Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jakarta
  • Rianda Dirkareshza Fakultas Hukum Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jakarta

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31599/krtha.v19i1.3687

Keywords:

Nusantara Capital City, Solar Power Plant, Public-Private Partnership, Blended Finance, Green Bonds

Abstract

The development of Ibu Kota Nusantara (IKN) embraces a sustainable city concept, targeting 100% renewable energy utilization and achieving Net Zero Emission by 2045. Based on Presidential Regulation No. 63 of 2022, IKN's primary energy source comes from Solar Power Plants (PLTS). However, financing this project faces major challenges due to limited capital access and high loan interest rates. The government has established the Public-Private Partnership (PPP) scheme as the main financing mechanism, covering 54% of IKN’s total budget. Nevertheless, the PPP scheme remains highly dependent on high-risk bank loans. Therefore, this study analyzes the optimization of PPP in the PLTS project at IKN by exploring the blended finance scheme, particularly integrating PPP with green bonds. Additionally, it examines the legal aspects of investment in PLTS infrastructure development at IKN and the role of regulations in supporting sustainable financing implementation. This study is expected to provide academic and practical contributions by formulating regulatory recommendations to optimally support energy infrastructure development at IKN. The research employs a normative legal method with a legislative approach, a conceptual approach, and a comparative approach. The findings indicate that issuing green bonds by the IKN Authority can serve as a strategic legal foundation for sustainable PLTS infrastructure financing and attract investors.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Arsita, Savira Ayu, Guntur Eko Saputro, and Susanto Susanto. “Perkembangan Kebijakan Energi Nasional dan Energi Baru Terbarukan Indonesia.” Jurnal Syntax Transformation 2, no. 12 (December 24, 2021): 1779–1788.

At-Tibasiy, Abdul Syukur, Fadly Mane, and Indah Yuliana. “Mekanisme Green Bond Di Indonesia.” Al-Amwal : Jurnal Ekonomi dan Perbankan Syari’ah 11, no. 2 (October 23, 2019): 259–272.

Cendekiawan, Muslim, and Amrie Firmansyah. “Pengembangan Green Bonds Di Indonesia: Upaya Pemerintah Untuk Mewujudkan Keuangan Berkelanjutan.” Journal of Law, Administration, and Social Science 4, no. 1 (February 24, 2024): 87–100.

Dr. Jonaedi Efendi, S.H.I.M.H., and S.H.S.E.M.M.M.H. Prof. Dr. Johnny Ibrahim. Metode Penelitian Hukum: Normatif Dan Empiris. Prenada Media, 2018. https://books.google.co.id/books?id=5OZeDwAAQBAJ.

Elena, Maria. “Otorita IKN Bisa Terbitkan Obligasi hingga Tarik Pinjaman Luar Negeri, Dijamin APBN!” Bisnis.com. Last modified October 5, 2023. Accessed March 12, 2025. https://ekonomi.bisnis.com/read/20231005/10/1701348/otorita-ikn-bisa-terbitkan-obligasi-hingga-tarik-pinjaman-luar-negeri-dijamin-apbn.

Hadi, Fikri, Budi Endarto, and Farina Gandryani. “TINJAUAN YURIDIS GREEN BOND SEBAGAI PEMBIAYAAN ENERGI BARU TERBARUKAN DI INDONESIA.” Jurnal Rechts Vinding: Media Pembinaan Hukum Nasional 11, no. 3 (December 31, 2022). Accessed July 1, 2024. https://rechtsvinding.bphn.go.id/ejournal/index.php/jrv/article/view/984.

Haryanto, Imam, Muthia Sakti, Herdandi Irsyad Bhagaskara, Sita Narawita Puteri, and Yoshiro Emillio Lumban Tobing. “REKONSTRUKSI HUKUM PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA SURYA BERDASARKAN ANALISIS EKONOMI.” Bina Hukum Lingkungan 6, no. 3 (2022): 317–334.

Hutajulu, Halomoan, Prince Charles Heston Runtunuwu, Loso Judijanto, Ajeng Faizah Nijma Ilma, Adli Putra Ermanda, Fitriyana Fitriyana, Rina Mudjiyanti, Maichal Maichal, Yoseb Boari, and Rudy Dwi Laksono. Sustainable Economic Development: Teori Dan Landasan Pembangunan Ekonomi Berkelanjutan Multi Sektor Di Indonesia. PT. Sonpedia Publishing Indonesia, 2024.

Kartikasari, Mada Devi, and Sonyendah Retnaningsih. “Kajian Mengenai Skema KPBU Melalui Perjanjian KPBU IKN | Ranah Research : Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development” (June 14, 2024). Accessed July 24, 2024. https://jurnal.ranahresearch.com/index.php/R2J/article/view/899.

Liputan6.com. “Otorita IKN Bakal Terbitkan Obligasi, Kekurangan Investasi?” liputan6.com. Last modified December 15, 2023. Accessed May 31, 2024. https://www.liputan6.com/bisnis/read/5482661/otorita-ikn-bakal-terbitkan-obligasi-kekurangan-investasi.

Media, Kompas Cyber. “PLTS Tahap I di IKN Siap Menyala Akhir Februari 2024.” KOMPAS.com. Last modified February 15, 2024. Accessed July 17, 2024. https://ikn.kompas.com/read/2024/02/16/064238587/plts-tahap-i-di-ikn-siap-menyala-akhir-februari-2024.

Muhaimin. Metode Penelitian Hukum. Mataram: UPT Mataram University Press, n.d.

Mulyanti, Asti Sri, and Syavira Azzahra Syavira Azzahra. “Integrasi Konstitusi Hijau Dalam Era Society 5.0 Tantangan Dan Peluang Dalam Pengelolaan Lingkungan.” KRTHA BHAYANGKARA 18, no. 2 (2024): 486–495.

Nashrulloh, Faruq. “Analisis Potensi Dan Kelayakan Pada Perencanaan Sistem Energi Terbarukan Di Kabupaten Penajam Paser Utara Sebagai Ibu Kota Negara Indonesia.” Universitas Gadjah Mada, 2020. Accessed March 15, 2025. https://etd.repository.ugm.ac.id/penelitian/detail/197038.

Nugroho, Yusid Toyib, Riant. Transformasi Public Private Partnership Indonesia. Elex Media Komputindo, 2018.

Rachim, Faiq Rizqi Aulia. “The Review of Build-Own-Operate (BOO) for New and Renewable Power Plant under Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources Republic of Indonesia Regulation Number 4 of 2020 Based on the 1945 Indonesian Constitution.” Jurnal Rechts Vinding: Media Pembinaan Hukum Nasional 11, no. 3 (December 31, 2022). Accessed July 28, 2024. https://rechtsvinding.bphn.go.id/ejournal/index.php/jrv/article/view/990.

Sadiawati, Diani, Rianda Dirkareshza, and Muhammad Fauzan. “Rekonstruksi Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Korban Investasi Bodong: Studi Komparasi Indonesia Dan Amerika.” Halu Oleo Law Review 7, no. 2 (September 20, 2023): 149–166.

Siswantoro, Siswantoro. “Analisis Tingkat Kesiapan Anggaran dan Pembiayaan Indonesia dalam Memindahkan Ibu Kota Negara: Studi Kepustakaan.” Jurnal Studi Kebijakan Publik 1, no. 1 (November 30, 2022): 27–41.

Swasono, Sri-Edi. Keindonesiaan: demokrasi ekonomi, keberdaulatan, kemandirian. UST-Press, 2015.

Syaban, Alfath Satria Negara, and Seth Appiah-Opoku. “Building Indonesia’s New Capital City: An in-Depth Analysis of Prospects and Challenges from Current Capital City of Jakarta to Kalimantan.” Urban, Planning and Transport Research 11, no. 1 (December 31, 2023): 2276415.

Tukimun, Tukimun, Viva Soeri, and Suharto Suharto. “Konsep Perencanaan Infrastruktur Transportasi Smart, Integrated Sustainable & Environment Friendly di Kawasan Ibu Kota Negara (IKN) Nusantara.” Kurva S : Jurnal Keilmuan dan Aplikasi Teknik Sipil 10, no. 2 (August 31, 2022): 59–75.

Usaha, Kementrian Keuangan, KPBU-Kerjasama Pemerintah Dengan Badan. “KPBU – Kerjasama Pemerintah Dengan Badan Usaha.” KPBU. Accessed June 24, 2024. https://kpbu.kemenkeu.go.id/.

“Bukan Karena Kekurangan Dana, Ini Alasan Otoritas IKN Akan Terbitkan Obligasi.” Accessed July 1, 2024. https://nasional.kontan.co.id/news/bukan-karena-kekurangan-dana-ini-alasan-otoritas-ikn-akan-terbitkan-obligasi.

“Dirjen Ketenagalistrikan Pastikan Progres Penyediaan Listrik IKN Lancar.” ESDM. Accessed July 19, 2024. https://www.esdm.go.id/id/media-center/arsip-berita/dirjen-ketenagalistrikan-pastikan-progres-penyediaan-listrik-ikn-lancar.

“Green Bonds in Public-Private Partnerships.” International Institute for Sustainable Development. Accessed March 15, 2025. https://www.iisd.org/publications/report/green-bonds-public-private-partnerships.

“KPBU - Perkembangan Proyek Pemeliharaan Bendungan Dan Bangun Guna Serah Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Minihidro Bintang Bano.” Accessed March 15, 2025. https://kpbu.kemenkeu.go.id/berita/read/1395/perkembangan-proyek-pemeliharaan-bendungan-dan-bangun-guna-serah-pembangkit-listrik-tenaga-minihidro-bintang-bano.

“LPPI.” Accessed March 15, 2025. https://sandbox.lppi.or.id/produk/sustainable/tentang-green-bond-1/.

“Ontario Launching Green Bonds to Fund Infrastructure Projects.” News.Ontario.Ca. Accessed July 29, 2024. https://news.ontario.ca/en/release/30427/ontario-launching-green-bonds-to-fund-infrastructure-projects.

“Renewable Energy Outlook for ASEAN: Towards a Regional Energy Transition (2nd Edition).” Accessed March 15, 2025. https://www.irena.org/Publications/2022/Sep/Renewable-Energy-Outlook-for-ASEAN-2nd-edition.

“Sekjen ESDM Tegaskan Listrik IKN Harus Efisien Dan Bersih.” ESDM. Accessed July 29, 2024. https://www.esdm.go.id/id/media-center/arsip-berita/sekjen-esdm-tegaskan-listrik-ikn-harus-efisien-dan-bersih-.

“Toward Comparative Institutional Analysis of Polycentric Social‐ecological Systems Governance - Thiel - 2018 - Environmental Policy and Governance - Wiley Online Library.” Accessed March 15, 2025. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/eet.1814.

Downloads

Published

2025-04-30

How to Cite

Synergy of Investment Law Transformation in the Implementation of PPP for Solar Power Plant Financing in Ibu Kota Nusantara. (2025). KRTHA BHAYANGKARA, 19(1), 131-149. https://doi.org/10.31599/krtha.v19i1.3687