Putusan Arbitrase Tidak Dapat Dieksekusi: Analisis Perbandingan Hukum Arbitrase Indonesia, New York Conention, UNCITRAL, dan SIAC
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31599/sasana.v11i2.4719Keywords:
Putusan Arbitrase, Hukum Arbitrase Indonesia, New York Convention, UNCITRAL, SIACAbstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji alasan-alasan yang menyebabkan putusan arbitrase tidak dapat dieksekusi menurut UU No. 30 Tahun 1999, New York Convention, UNCITRAL Model Law, dan SIAC Rules serta menganalisis perbedaan dan persamaan dalam pengaturan ketidakmampuan eksekusi putusan arbitrase dalam keempat kerangka hukum tersebut. Fokus penelitian ini juga mencakup dampak perbedaan tersebut terhadap efektivitas pelaksanaan putusan arbitrase di berbagai yurisdiksi dan pengaruhnya terhadap kepercayaan publik terhadap sistem arbitrase internasional. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi pustaka dengan pendekatan kualitatif, mengkaji sumber hukum, peraturan perundang-undangan, konvensi internasional, dan literatur terkait. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun UU No. 30 Tahun 1999 memberikan dasar hukum yang modern untuk arbitrase, terdapat tantangan dalam eksekusi putusan, terutama terkait dengan cacat prosedural dan pertentangan dengan kebijakan publik. New York Convention dan UNCITRAL Model Law menawarkan kerangka hukum internasional yang memungkinkan penolakan eksekusi jika terdapat pelanggaran prinsip dasar, namun implementasinya di Indonesia masih terhambat oleh ketidaksesuaian dengan hukum nasional. SIAC, dengan aturan yang jelas, memperkuat pentingnya kepatuhan terhadap prinsip-prinsip prosedural. Harmonisasi antara hukum nasional dan internasional diperlukan untuk memperkuat kepercayaan terhadap arbitrase sebagai mekanisme penyelesaian sengketa yang efektif.
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